Course description

C is a powerful, general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972. It is widely used for system programming, embedded systems, and software development. C programs are written as a series of functions, with main() being the entry point. Key features include support for basic data types like int, float, and char, and control structures such as if-else, switch, and loops (for, while, do-while). Functions allow code modularity, while pointers enable direct memory manipulation, making C highly efficient. Arrays store sequences of data, while strings are character arrays terminated with a null character (\0). File I/O is managed through functions like fopen and fprintf, and dynamic memory allocation is handled with malloc, calloc, and free. Preprocessor directives like #include and #define help manage libraries and macros. The language relies on standard libraries like and for common tasks. C programs are compiled using tools like gcc, turning source code into executable files, emphasizing its foundational role in modern computing.

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